By contrast, most hazardous materials in the Republic of Korea are recycled. Look at the exam bar graph below. The number of prisoner in thousands in five different countries from to In a case like this you should make sure that you write something about each country. Select the most relevant point for each country, and don't forget to mention some figures. Look at the example sentences about each country below.
United States The United States had the highest number of prisoners in four out of the six years shown on the chart, and in the figure for this country peaked at nearly , prisoners.
Read the sample answer below. Sample Answer The information given in the chart makes comparisons in the number of prisoners in five different countries from to While the figures for imprisonment fluctuated over the period shown, it is clear that the United States had the highest number of prisoners overall.
As can be seen from the graph, the United States had the highest number of prisoners in four out of the six years shown on the chart, and in the figure for this country peaked at nearly , prisoners.
Canada had the highest figures for imprisonment in and , with about , prisoners in both years. The figures for New Zealand and Australia fluctuated between 40, and , prisoners, although New Zealand's prison population tended to be the higher of the two. In contrast to the figures for the other countries, the number of prisoners in Great Britain rose steadily between and , reaching a peak of about 80, at the end of the period.
Notice the expressions in bold that refer to time and amount. However, it is important not to overuse these words. Book sales Just over 10, copies of the book were sold in Sales increased dramatically over the next two years, to peak at almost 60, in However, sales then fell sharply to well under 30, in the following year, and they went down by a further 12, or so between and However, after this sales began to drop once more to approximately 10, in A sharp decrease followed, with sales falling to around 15, in September.
They remained steady at almost 15, until November, when there was a slight increase. Put a tick, a check mark, next to each point on the list while writing a Task 1 report. Know all the types of questions in Task 1 such as line graphs, bar charts, etc.
Try several real test examples of each type. Know the 4-paragraph method suggested here. Practice paraphrasing the question to write introductions. Understand why we do not write a conclusion for task 1. Know how to write an 'overview', and what to include in this paragraph. Practice selecting key information, rather than describing everything. Be able to write good 'comparing' sentences. Be able to describe changes and trends e. Be able to use the passive to describe steps in a process.
Don't copy the question for your introduction. You should paraphrase the question i. Don't forget to separate your paragraphs clearly. Put the overview straight after the introduction and try to write 2 sentences describing the information in general. You will not get a high score if you do not write a good overview. Don't describe items separately e. You should always try to compare things if it is possible to do so. Instead of describing 2 lines separately, compare the 2 lines at key points.
Don't try to describe every number on a chart or graph unless there are only a few numbers. A key skill in task 1 is being able to choose the key information and describe or compare it well.
Try to mention around 6 or 7 numbers in the main body paragraphs. Don't spend longer than 20 minutes on task 1. Practice spending 5 minutes on each of your 4 paragraphs. Stop yourself after 20 minutes; remember that task 2 is worth more marks.
In this situation it is best to mention each chart in the introduction, and then, describe the main feature of each chart. If there is a connection between the charts, describe it as well. After that, describe the first chart, and then describe the second chart. It is clear that there was a fall in the number of marriages in the USA between and The majority of adult Americans were married in both years, but the proportion of single adults was higher in In , there were 2.
The marriage rate remained stable in , but fell to 2 million by the year In contrast, the divorce rate peaked in , at nearly 1. The proportion of widowed Americans was slightly lower in Although this type of diagram is less common to see in the test, it is still important to have an understanding of how to tackle this should it arise. While describing a process, explain the sequence of stages or actions and use words like firstly, secondly, thirdly, then, next, after that, in addition, otherwise, at the same time, concurrently, simultaneously and finally.
These words help you show the sequence of actions more accurately. Try to describe every stage of the process one by one. Connect the stages by using linking words that mentioned earlier, words like firstly, then, etc.
Mention whether or not there are stages that are being performed at the same time. You should also notice alternative stages. For example, either stage A or B is performed first or at the same time.
The main task here is to describe all the stages. Wherever possible, try to make comparisons to make your writing flow more naturally. Use the present simple tense and its passive form. For example, the ID card is inserted into the machine. Remember that there is no need to write an overall view paragraph. You just need to write an introduction and two body paragraphs. There is no rule in dividing the paragraphs, and everyone can do it differently.
Pay attention to the use of passive verbs e. The stages have been divided into 2 paragraphs to make the essay easier to read. The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.
Brick Manufacturing The diagram illustrates different stages in the process of manufacturing bricks from the digging step to delivery. At the beginning of the process, clay is dug from the ground. Then, the clay is put through a metal grid, and it passes onto a roller where it is mixed with sand and water. After that, the clay can be shaped into bricks in two ways: either it is put in a mould, or a wire cutter is used. At the fourth stage in the process, the clay bricks are placed in a drying oven for one to two days.
Next, the bricks are heated in a kiln at a moderate temperature - degrees Celsius and then at a high temperature up to degrees Celsius , before spending two to three days in a cooling chamber. Finally, the finished bricks are packaged and delivered to be sold in the market. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Three main stages are shown on the diagram. Ocean water evaporates, falls as rain, and eventually runs back into the oceans again.
Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate, and water vapour condenses to form clouds. At the third stage in the cycle, rainwater may take various paths. Otherwise, rainwater may filter through the ground, reaching the impervious layer of the earth. Salt water intrusion is shown to take place just before groundwater passes into the oceans to complete the cycle. When you write about a map, you need to focus on describing where things are in location to each other.
Language such as 'to the left', 'next to', 'north of', 'behind' etc. Chorleywood is a village near London whose population has increased steadily since the middle of the nineteenth century. The map below shows the development of the village. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the development of the village.
Village of Chorleywood showing development between and Sample Answer The map shows the growth of a village called Chorleywood between and It is clear that the village grew as the transport infrastructure was improved. Four periods of development are shown on the map, and each of the populated areas is near to the main roads, the railway or the motorway. Chorleywood Park and Golf Course is now located next to this original village area.
The village grew along the main road to the south between and , and in a railway line was built crossing this area from west to east. Chorleywood station is in this part of the village.
The expansion of Chorleywood continued to the east and west alongside the railway line until At that time, a motorway was built to the east of the village, and from to , further development of the village took place around motorway intersections with the railway and one of the main roads.
A new supermarket S is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket. The map shows two potential locations S1 and S2 for a new supermarket in a town called Garlsdon. The main difference between the two sites is that S1 is outside the town, whereas S2 is in the town centre.
The sites can also be compared in terms of access by road or rail, and their positions relative to three smaller towns. Looking at the information in more detail, S1 is in the countryside to the north west of Garlsdon, but it is close to the residential area of the town. S2 is also close to the housing area, which surrounds the town centre. There are main roads from Hindon, Bransdon and Cransdon to Garlsdon town centre, but this is a no traffic zone, so there would be no access to S2 by car. By contrast, S1 lies on the main road to Hindon, but it would be more difficult to reach from Bransdon and Cransdon.
Both supermarket sites are close to the railway that runs through Garlsdon from Hindon to Cransdon. City planners have decided to build a new shopping mall for the area, and two sites, S1 and S2 have been proposed. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant. Map of Brandfield with two proposed sites for a shopping mall Sample Answer The map illustrates plans for two possible sites for a shopping mall in the city of Brandfield.
It can be seen that the two sites under consideration are in the north and the south east of the town. The first possible site for the shopping mall, S1, is just north of the city centre, above the railway line, which runs from the south east of the city to the north west. If it is built here, it will be next to a large housing estate, thus providing easy access for those living on the estate and in the city centre. It will also be next to the river, which runs through the town.
The site in the south east, S2, is again just by the railway line and fairly close to the city centre, but it is near to an industrial estate rather than housing. There is a main road that runs through the city and is close to both sites, thus providing good road access to either location. A large golf course and park in the west of the town prevents this area from being available as a site. Here are some study ideas: 1.
Print a collection of questions Before you start writing any task 1 essays, it's a good idea to have an overview of the different types of questions that you might face.
Try to get paper copies printed of around 10 different questions — it is useful to be able to see them all in one place. Your 'pack' of questions should include: a line graph, bar chart, pie chart, table, 2 different charts, 3 or more similar charts, process diagram, comparison diagram, life cycle and a map. Practice parts of essays Instead of writing a full essay, try writing 10 introductions - one for each of the questions in your 'pack' see point 1 above.
The next time you are studying, just focus on writing overviews. On a different day, practice describing percentages, or comparing numbers etc. Use 'model' sentences Read good samples, band score 7. Read one good sample several times.
Every time, read it from a different perspective, for example, once for the vocabulary used, once for the grammar and the grammatical structures used and one more time to the organization of the report or the essay. Underline some model sentences for describing percentages, numbers and figures etc.
You will find almost all the sentence structures you need for writing Task 1. Use the sentences as models, and simply change the content according to the topic. Average hours and minutes spent by UK males and females on different daily activities The table compares the average amount of time per day that men and women in the UK spend doing different activities.
It is clear that people in the UK spend more time sleeping than doing any other daily activity. On average, men and women in the UK sleep for about 8 hours per day. Leisure takes up the second largest proportion of their time. Men spend 5 hours and 25 minutes doing various leisure activities, such as watching TV or doing sport, while women have 4 hours and 53 minutes of leisure time.
It is noticeable that men work or study for an average of 79 minutes more than women every day. By contrast, women spend 79 minutes more than men doing housework, and they spend over twice as much time looking after children. UK acid rain emissions, measured in millions of tonnes, from four different sectors between and The line graph compares four sectors in terms of the amount of acid rain emissions that they produced over a period of 17 years in the UK.
It is clear that the total amount of acid rain emissions in the UK fell considerably between and The most dramatic decrease was seen in the electricity, gas and water supply sector.
In , around 3. The transport and communication sector was responsible for about 0. Just over 2 million tonnes of acid rain gases came from other industries.
Emissions from electricity, gas and water supply fell dramatically to only 0. While acid rain gases from the domestic sector and other industries fell gradually, the transport sector saw a small increase in emissions, reaching a peak of 1 million tonnes in You should write at least words.
The proportion of carbohydrates, protein and fat in three different diets The pie charts compare the proportion of carbohydrates, protein and fat in three different diets, namely an average diet, a healthy diet, and a healthy diet for sport.
It is noticeable that sportspeople require a diet comprising a significantly higher proportion of carbohydrates than an average diet or a healthy diet. The average diet contains the lowest percentage of carbohydrates but the highest proportion of protein. The third compound shown in the charts is fat. Households with a regular use of a car, Great Britain The graph shows changes in the number of cars per household in Great Britain over a period of 36 years.
Overall, car ownership in Britain increased between and In particular, the number of households with two cars rose, while the number of households without a car fell.
In , almost half of all British households did not have regular use of a car. The line graph compares the percentage of people in three countries who used the Internet between and It is clear that the proportion of the population who used the Internet increased in each country over the period shown.
Overall, a much larger percentage of Canadians and Americans had access to the Internet in comparison with Mexicans, and Canada experienced the fastest growth in Internet usage. By , the percentage of Internet users was highest in Canada. International Migration, UK, The chart gives information about UK immigration, emigration and net migration between and Both immigration and emigration rates rose over the period shown, but the figures for immigration were significantly higher.
Net migration peaked in and In , over , people came to live in the UK, while the number of people who emigrated stood at just under , The figure for net migration was around ,, and it remained at a similar level until From to , the immigration rate rose by nearly , people, but there was a much smaller rise in emigration. Net migration peaked at almost , people in After , the rate of immigration remained high, but the number of people emigrating fluctuated.
Emigration fell suddenly in , before peaking at about , people in As a result, the net migration figure rose to around , in , but fell back to around , in The table shows data about the underground rail networks in six major cities.
The table compares the six networks in terms of their age, size and the number of people who use them each year. It is clear that the three oldest underground systems are larger and serve significantly more passengers than the newer systems. The London underground is the oldest system, having opened in It is also the largest system, with kilometres of route. The second largest system, in Paris, is only about half the size of the London underground, with kilometres of route. However, it serves more people per year.
While only third in terms of size, the Tokyo system is easily the most used, with million passengers per year. Of the three newer networks, the Washington DC underground is the most extensive, with kilometres of route, compared to only 11 kilometres and 28 kilometres for the Kyoto and Los Angeles systems.
The Los Angeles network is the newest, having opened in , while the Kyoto network is the smallest and serves only 45 million passengers per year. The table gives information about poverty rates among six types of household in Australia in the year It is noticeable that levels of poverty were higher for single people than for couples, and people with children were more likely to be poor than those without. Poverty rates were considerably lower among elderly people. The bar chart compares the cost of an average house in five major cities over a period of 13 years from We can see that house prices fell overall between and , but most of the cities saw rising prices between and London experienced by far the greatest changes in house prices over the year period.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below, and make comparisons where relevant. The pie charts compare the amount of electricity produced using five different sources of fuel in two countries over two separate years. Total electricity production increased dramatically from to in both Australia and France.
While the totals for both countries were similar, there were big differences in the fuel sources used. Coal was used to produce 50 of the total units of electricity in Australia in , rising to out of units in Oil, on the other hand, remained a relatively important fuel source in France, but its use declined in Australia.
Both countries relied on natural gas for electricity production significantly more in than in The charts compare the amount of water used for agriculture, industry and homes around the world, and water use in Brazil and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
It is clear that global water needs rose significantly between and , and that agriculture accounted for the largest proportion of water used. We can also see that water consumption was considerably higher in Brazil than in the Congo. The figures for industrial and domestic water consumption stood at around one fifth of that amount.
In the year , the populations of Brazil and the Congo were million and 5. The most noticeable difference between houses designed for cool and warm climates is in the shape of the roof. The designs also differ with regard to the windows and the use of insulation. We can see that the cool climate house has a high-angled roof, which allows sunlight to enter through the window.
By contrast, the roof of the warm climate house has a peak in the middle and roof overhangs to shade the windows. Insulation and thermal building materials are used in cool climates to reduce heat loss, whereas insulation and reflective materials are used to keep the heat out in warm climates. Finally, the cool climate house has one window which faces the direction of the sun, while the warm climate house has windows on two sides which are shaded from the sun.
By opening the two windows at night, the house designed for warm climates can be ventilated. It is clear that the proportion of elderly people increases in each country between and Japan is expected to see the most dramatic changes in its elderly population.
It is noticeable that monthly figures for precipitation in Kolkata vary considerably, whereas monthly temperatures remain relatively stable. Rainfall is highest from July to August, while temperatures are highest in April and May. Average rainfall in the city also rises over the same period, from approximately 20mm of rain in January to mm in May. While temperatures stay roughly the same for the next four months, the amount of rainfall more than doubles between May and June.
Figures for precipitation remain above mm from June to September, peaking at around mm in July. The final three months of the year see a dramatic fall in precipitation, to a low of about 10mm in December, and a steady drop in temperatures back to the January average.
We can see that the complete life cycle lasts between 34 and 36 days. It is also noticeable that there are five main stages in the development of the honey bee, from egg to mature adult insect. The life cycle of the honey bee begins when the female adult lays an egg; the female typically lays one or two eggs every 3 days. Between 9 and 10 days later, each egg hatches and the immature insect, or nymph, appears. During the third stage of the life cycle, the nymph grows in size and sheds its skin three times.
This moulting first takes place 5 days after the egg hatches, then 7 days later, and again another 9 days later. After a total of 30 to 31 days from the start of the cycle, the young adult honey bee emerges from its final moulting stage, and in the space of only 4 days it reaches full maturity. It is clear that spending on landline phones fell steadily over the year period, while mobile phone expenditure rose quickly.
The year marks the point at which expenditure on mobile services overtook that for residential phone services. It is clear that the car is by far the most popular means of transport for UK commuters throughout the period shown.
Also, while the numbers of people who use the car and train increase gradually, the number of bus users falls steadily. In , around 5 million UK commuters travelled by car on a daily basis, while the bus and train were used by about 4 million and 2 million people respectively.
In the year , the number of those driving to work rose to 7 million and the number of commuting rail passengers reached 3 million. Target Band 7. Third Edition. Author Note.
Hussain Published August 14th by Simone Braverman. The author and publisher make no representation or warranties with respect to accuracy, applicability, fitness or completeness of this program. Shutdown8 is a simple program that allows users to shut down their computers with a timer. RealStudioGroup 21,, views. Reading 9. I even cannot believe my results! I attempted the exam for immigration purposes and wanted 7. I have got more than what I was looking for! Download hazarsiiraksamlari.
Target Band 7 - IELTS-Blog No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system without prior permission of the author. Explore releases from Target at Discogs. Jump to. Sections of this page. You will focus on key vocabulary and occasional on grammar points once you have completed the tasks. Practice largely concentrates on Sectors 3 and 4 of the Listening test, as those are the more challenging.
Some of the recordings are probably sightly longer than will be the case in the exam and there are also more questions to answer related to one recording. The texts are the same length as those you will encounter in the exam, but more questions are applied to one text than will be the case in the exam. Texts are generally about more specific topics — the environment, scientific research, etc. The language development section of the module will sometimes focus on text organization and sometimes on discourse features.
Writing The Writing Module concentrates on Task 2 writing tasks, the more challenging of the two tasks. Each unit provides analysis of and practice with a particular writing skill or technique required for the exam.
A frequent approach is to compare good and poor model compositions. Four additional tasks are provided in a separate section at the end of the course, and. The Grammar checks occur in the Writing Module in this short course Grammar is treated as revision and if you feel that you need more rigorous practice with a particular point, you should use an appropriate grammar resource in your own time or ask your teacher to help you in the lesson.
Speaking You will practise exchanges typical of Parts 2 and 3 of the Speaking test, rather than answering simple questions.
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