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Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, influenza season. Cohen J, et al. Influenza viruses. In: Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia, Pa. Accessed Nov. Flu: What to do if you get sick. Types of influenza viruses. Tosh PK expert opinion. Mayo Clinic. Influenza vaccination. Mayo Clinic; Guide for considering influenza testing when influenza viruses are circulating in the community. Renaud DL expert opinion.
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Reye syndrome. Merck Manual Professional Version. Ibuprofen drug facts label. Food and Drug Administration. Acetaminophen oral. Prevent seasonal flu. Influenza is spread from person to person via droplets when coughing or sneezing and by touching objects and surfaces that are contaminated with the virus e.
The influenza virus may persist for hours in dried mucus and be transmitted by direct contact. It is spread very easily indoors, which is why it is so prevalent in the winter months in northern countries, when people spend more time together inside.
A person with H1N1 flu is believed to be infectious one day before onset of symptoms and up to 7 days after the start of symptoms. In health care settings, Routine Practices should be used consistently with all patients including:. Emergency Departments should apply screening to all patients who present with respiratory symptoms.
Laboratory testing for Pandemic H1N1 virus is not recommended for patients with mild illness. Specimens should only be submitted for testing where lab results are required for clinical management of hospitalized cases of influenza-like illness ILI or where patients are at high risk for complications from influenza.
There is no risk of infection from this virus from consumption of well-cooked port or pork products. Treatment of influenza usually involves making the person more comfortable — increasing fluid intake and getting plenty of rest.
Antibiotics do not kill viruses and have no role in treating influenza in otherwise healthy people, although they may be used to treat complications, such as pneumonia. Antiviral drugs for influenza are an important adjunct to influenza vaccine for the treatment and prevention of influenza. However, they are not a substitute for vaccination. When taken before infection or during early stage of the disease within two days of illness onset , antivirals may help prevent infection, and if infection has already taken hold, their early administration may reduce the duration of symptoms by one to two days.
Laboratory testing has found the Pandemic H1N1 virus to be resistant to amantadine and rimantidine and susceptible to the prescription antiviral drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir, although isolated cases of resistance have occurred.
In severe influenza, admission to hospital, intensive care, antibiotic therapy to prevent secondary infection and breathing support may be required. As of May 18, , the Public Health Agency of Canada no longer recommends Canadians postpone elective or non-essential travel to Mexico. PHAC recommends that travellers at risk of complications from any form of influenza such as those with chronic conditions for example diabetes, lung disease, heart disease , elderly, pregnant women or children under 2 years of age, discuss the risk of travel with their health care provider before going to Mexico.
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